Automated Water Level Controller Using Microcontroller AVR

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Conserving water by tuning water levels using microcontroller AVR

This is a simple project to control the level of water in an overhead tank. The peculiarity of this project is that it can detect up to 9 water levels when compared to the standard version of water level control.

  • The sensing is done by using nine probes placed at 9 different locations of the tank.
  • Level 0 denotes zero implying a waterless tank whereas level 8 implies that the tank is full.
  • The probe that is common is put at the bottom of the tank.

SALIENT FEATURES:

  1. If the level of water reaches under minimum detectable level, The LCD displays level ‘0’ indicating emptiness whereas level 8 indicates full tank followed by a buzzer.
  2. The total number of transistors involved in this apparatus is 8.
  3. This project finds important applications in home electronic devices such as water cooler, where there is a danger of motor-burnout when no water exists in a radiator.
  4. Can alternatively also be used in indicating the fuel levels within a machine or device.

BASIC DIAGRAM FOR WATER LEVEL CONTROLLER

DESIGN:-

    A stable 5V power supply is fed to the microcontroller circuit.

  • The given circuit has nine conducting probe indicators.
  • The transistors are connected to PORTB of the microcontroller.
  • Seven segment display is connected to PORTD of the variable
  • The level 8 indicated by the full tank is shown on Seven segment display along with a buzzer sound.
3 MAJOR CONDITIONS:

CASE 1- WATERLESS

In this condition, microcontroller will be in active low implying that (0-2V) will be considered high whereas 3-5V will be considered low for the microcontroller.

  • Since there is no conductive path between 8 indicating probes and the common probe transistor(BE)Base-emitter region will not have sufficient voltage to operate.
  • Therefore it remains in the cut off region.
  • The output from transistor becomes 4.2 V which is low by microcontroller hence it will show value 0 on Seven segment display.

CASE 2 – INTERMEDIATE LEVELS(Levels 3-7):

  • Here the microcontroller acts as priority encoder mode which senses the bit input having the highest priority and then shows the matching water levels on the 7 segment display.

CASE 3 – FULL TANK:

  • When the overhead tank is completely filled the microcontroller goes into the conduction state.
  • The corresponding output is fed to the microcontroller.
  • Therefore not only the water level ‘8” displayed on the seven segment but also the output voltage activated a buzzer device which then cuts off the water supply thereby saving water.

ADVANTAGES:-

  1. Cheap maintenance cost
  2. Hassle-free installation
  3. More convenient to use
  4. Ergonomic design
  5. Reduces manpower
  6. Efficiently saves water
  7. Robust and compact
  8. Fully automatic
  9. Prevents seepage of roofs and walls by avoiding leakage of water
  10. No drying of pump and saves electricity.

WATER LEVEL PROJECT APPLICATIONS:

  1. In huge companies employing water tanks
  2. Commercial complexes
  3. Drainages
  4. Apartments